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Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens

Introduction

About Oliver Twist

Oliver Twist is a novel written by Charles Dickens in 1838-39. The book tells the story of Oliver Twist, a young orphan who grows up in the workhouse and eventually becomes embroiled in the world of crime.

Plot Summary

The novel begins on Christmas Eve at a workhouse where Oliver lives with his poor relatives. He is later apprenticed to a coffin maker, where he meets Fagin, a master thief, and the Artful Dodger, another young orphan who joins him in their crimes. Along the way, Oliver becomes involved in the London underworld and faces various dangers.

Key Facts

  • Title: The title of the novel refers to the idea that Oliver Twist has been "twisted" or corrupted by his experiences.
  • Publication: The book was first published anonymously in 1838-39 under the pseudonym "M. A." (meaning Michael Anthony).
  • Setting: The story takes place primarily in London and its surrounding areas, including the workhouse, streets, and alleys of Whitechapel.
  • Characters:
    • Oliver Twist
    • Fagin
    • The Artful Dodger
    • Mr. Bumble (the workhouse matron)
    • Nancy (a young prostitute)

Historical Context

The Victorian Era

Oliver Twist was published during the peak of the Victorian era, a period marked by rapid industrialization, urbanization, and social change.

  • Social issues: Dickens wrote about the harsh realities of poverty, crime, and exploitation that existed in Victorian England.
  • Feminism: The novel highlights the struggles faced by women, particularly those from poor backgrounds, who were often vulnerable to abuse and exploitation.
  • Crime and punishment: Dickens was a vocal critic of the prison system, which he believed was unfair and often based on prejudice.

Significant Contributions

Literary innovations

Dickens's writing style and use of dialogue helped establish the modern novel as a distinct literary form.

  • Character development: The novel features complex and nuanced characters that have become iconic in literature.
  • Social commentary: Dickens's works continue to be studied for their commentary on social issues, including poverty, crime, and inequality.

Cultural impact

Oliver Twist has had a lasting impact on popular culture, influencing countless adaptations, parodies, and references in film, television, and literature.

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